Iicompressor ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo phantse kuzo zonke iziko lokuvelisa. Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yomoya okanye yegesi zifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, ngakumbi ukuthambisa kwazo. Ukuze uqonde indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa kukuthambisa kwiicompressor, kufuneka uqale uqonde umsebenzi wazo kunye nemiphumo yenkqubo kwi-lubricant, ukuba zeziphi i-lubricant ekufuneka zikhethwe kunye novavanyo lohlalutyo lweoyile ekufuneka lwenziwe.
● Iintlobo kunye nemisebenzi yeCompressor
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zecompressor, kodwa indima yazo ephambili phantse iyafana rhoqo. Iicompressor zenzelwe ukuqinisa uxinzelelo lwegesi ngokunciphisa umthamo wayo uphela. Ngamagama alula, umntu angacinga ngecompressor njengepompo efana negesi. Ukusebenza kwayo kuyafana, umahluko ophambili kukuba icompressor inciphisa umthamo kwaye ihambisa igesi kwinkqubo, ngelixa ipompo icinezela kwaye ithutha ulwelo kwinkqubo.
Iicompressor zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini ngokubanzi: ukufuduka okuhle kunye ne-dynamic. Iicompressor ezijikelezayo, ii-diaphragm kunye nee-reciprocating ziwela phantsi kohlelo lwe-positive-displacement. Iicompressor ezijikelezayo zisebenza ngokunyanzela iigesi kwiindawo ezincinci ngezikrufu, iilobes okanye ii-vanes, ngelixa ii-diaphragm compressors zisebenza ngokucinezela igesi ngokuhamba kwe-membrane. Iicompressor ezijikelezayo zicinezela igesi nge-piston okanye uthotho lweepiston eziqhutywa yi-crankshaft.
Iicompressor zeCentrifugal, mixed-flow kunye ne-axial zikwicandelo eliguqukayo. Icompressor yecentrifugal isebenza ngokucinezela igesi isebenzisa idiski ejikelezayo kwindawo eyakhiweyo. Icompressor ye-mixed-flow isebenza ngendlela efanayo necompressor yecentrifugal kodwa iqhuba ukuhamba kwayo ngokwe-axial endaweni ye-radially. Iicompressor ze-Axial zenza ucinezelo ngokusebenzisa uthotho lwee-airfoils.
● Imiphumo kwizithambiso
Ngaphambi kokukhetha i-compressor lubricant, enye yezinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe luhlobo loxinzelelo i-lubricant enokusetyenziswa kulo ngelixa isebenza. Ngokwesiqhelo, izinto ezixinzelela i-lubricant kwi-compressors ziquka ukufuma, ubushushu obugqithisileyo, igesi nomoya ocinezelweyo, amasuntswana esinyithi, ukunyibilika kwegesi, kunye nemiphezulu yokukhupha ubushushu.
Khumbula ukuba xa igesi icinezelwe, inokuba nemiphumo emibi kwi-lubricant kwaye ibangele ukwehla okubonakalayo kwe-viscosity kunye nokufuma, i-oxidation, ukufakwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokufuma okuvela ekuqokeleleni komswakama.
Wakuba usazi ngezinto ezibalulekileyo ezinokuthi zifakwe kwi-lubricant, ungasebenzisa olu lwazi ukunciphisa ukhetho lwakho lwe-compressor lubricant efanelekileyo. Iimpawu ze-lubricant enamandla ziya kubandakanya ukuzinza okuhle kwe-oxidation, izongezo ze-anti-wear kunye ne-corrosion inhibitor, kunye neempawu ze-demulsibility. Izitokhwe zesiseko esenziweyo zinokwenza ngcono nakwiindawo zobushushu ezibanzi.
● Ukukhetha Izinto Zokuthambisa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-lubricant efanelekileyo kuya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwimpilo ye-compressor. Inyathelo lokuqala kukujonga iingcebiso ezivela kumenzi wezixhobo zokuqala (i-OEM). Ubungakanani be-lubricant ye-compressor kunye nezinto zangaphakathi ezithanjisweyo zinokuhluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-compressor. Iingcebiso zomenzi zinokubonelela ngendawo elungileyo yokuqala.
Okulandelayo, cinga ngegesi ecinezelweyo, njengoko inokuchaphazela kakhulu i-lubricant. Uxinzelelo lomoya lunokubangela iingxaki ngamaqondo aphezulu obushushu be-lubricant. Iigesi ze-hydrocarbon zidla ngokunyibilikisa i-lubricant, kwaye, zona zinciphisa kancinci i-viscosity.
Iigesi ezingasebenziyo ngokweekhemikhali ezifana nekhabhoni diokside kunye neammonia zinokusabela kwi-lubricant kwaye zinciphise i-viscosity kwaye zenze isepha kwinkqubo. Iigesi ezisebenzayo ngokweekhemikhali ezifana ne-oxygen, i-chlorine, i-sulfur diokside kunye ne-hydrogen sulfide zinokwenza ii-tacky deposits okanye zibe yi-cracker kakhulu xa kukho umswakama omninzi kwi-lubricant.
Kufuneka uqwalasele nendawo esetyenziswa kuyo i-compressor lubricant. Oku kungabandakanya ubushushu obuphakathi, ubushushu bokusebenza, izinto ezingcolisayo ezijikeleze umoya, nokuba i-compressor ingaphakathi kwaye igqunyiwe okanye ingaphandle kwaye ichaphazeleka kwimozulu embi, kunye neshishini esetyenziswa kulo.
Iicompressor zihlala zisebenzisa ii-lubricant zokwenziwa ngokwengcebiso ye-OEM. Abavelisi bezixhobo badla ngokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwee-lubricant zabo ezinophawu njengemeko yewaranti. Kwezi meko, unokufuna ukulinda de kube lixesha lewaranti liphelile ukuze wenze utshintsho lwe-lubricant.
Ukuba isicelo sakho ngoku sisebenzisa i-lubricant esekelwe kwiminerali, ukutshintshela kwi-synthetic kufuneka kuqinisekiswe, njengoko oku kudla ngokubiza kakhulu. Kakade ke, ukuba iingxelo zakho zohlalutyo lweoyile zibonisa iingxaki ezithile, i-lubricant yokwenziwa ingaba lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba awujongani nje neempawu zengxaki kodwa ulungisa unobangela wengxaki kwinkqubo.
Zeziphi izithambisi zokwenziwa ezivakalayo xa kusenziwa i-compressor? Ngokwesiqhelo, kusetyenziswa ii-polyalkylene glycols (ii-PAG), ii-polyalphaolefins (ii-POA), ezinye ii-diesters kunye nee-polyolesters. Zeziphi kwezi zinto zokwenziwa oza kuzikhetha ziya kuxhomekeka kwi-lubricant oyitshintshayo kunye ne-application.
Njengoko zinokumelana ne-oxidation kunye nobomi obude, ii-polyalphaolefins zihlala zifanelekile endaweni yeeoyile zeminerali. Ii-polyalkylene glycols ezinganyibilikiyo emanzini zinika ukunyibilika okuhle ukunceda ukugcina ii-compressors zicocekile. Ezinye ii-esters zinyibilika ngcono kunee-PAG kodwa zinokusokola ngenxa yokufuma okugqithisileyo kwinkqubo.
| Inombolo | Ipharamitha | Indlela yoVavanyo oluQhelekileyo | Iiyunithi | Igama eliqingqiweyo | Isilumkiso | Okubalulekileyo |
| Uhlalutyo lweePropati zeLubricant | ||||||
| 1 | Ukuxinana kunye ne-@40℃ | I-ASTM 0445 | cSt | Ioyile entsha | Inani eliphantsi +5%/-5% | Inani eliphantsi +10%/-10% |
| 2 | Inombolo ye-asidi | I-ASTM D664 okanye i-ASTM D974 | mgKOH/g | Ioyile entsha | Incopho yokutshintsha kwesandi +0.2 | Incopho yokutshintsha kwesandi +1.0 |
| 3 | Izinto ezongezelelweyo: iBa, iB, iCa, iMg, iMo, iP, iZn | I-ASTM D518S | i-ppm | Ioyile entsha | Inani eliphantsi +/-10% | Inani eliphantsi +/-25% |
| 4 | Ukuxuba | I-ASTM E2412 FTIR | Ukufunxa /0.1 mm | Ioyile entsha | Isekelwe kwizibalo kwaye isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuhlola | |
| 5 | Unitration | I-ASTM E2412 FTIR | Ukufunxa /0.1 mm | Ioyile entsha | Ngokwezibalo i-ba$ed kwaye i-u$ed isixhobo se-scceenintf | |
| 6 | I-Antioxidant RUL | I-ASTMD6810 | Ipesenti | Ioyile entsha | Inani eliphantsi -50% | Inani eliphantsi -80% |
| I-Varnish Potential Membrane Patch Colorimetry | I-ASTM D7843 | Isikali esingu-1-100 (esi-1 singcono kakhulu) | <20 | 35 | 50 | |
| Uhlalutyo lokuNgcoliswa kweZithambisi | ||||||
| 7 | Inkangeleko | I-ASTM D4176 | Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kwamanzi asimahla kunye novalo | |||
| 8 | Inqanaba lokufuma | I-ASTM E2412 FTIR | Ipesenti | Ithagethi | 0.03 | 0.2 |
| I-Crackle | Ibuthathaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.05% kwaye isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuhlola | |||||
| Umahluko | Inqanaba lokufuma | I-ASTM 06304 uKarl Fischer | i-ppm | Ithagethi | 300 | 2.000 |
| 9 | Inani lamasuntswana | I-ISO 4406: 99 | Ikhowudi ye-ISO | Ithagethi | Inombolo yoluhlu lwethagethi +1 | Amanani oluhlu lwe-Target +3 |
| Umahluko | Uvavanyo lwePatch | Iindlela zoBunini | Isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubumdaka ngokuhlolwa ngamehlo | |||
| 10 | Izinto ezingcolisayo: Si, Ca, Me, AJ, njl. | I-ASTM DS 185 | i-ppm | <5* | 6-20* | >20* |
| *Kuxhomekeke kungcoliseko, ukusetyenziswa kunye nendawo engqongileyo | ||||||
| Uhlalutyo lweNkunkuma yokuGqobhoza (Qaphela: ukufundwa okungaqhelekanga kufuneka kulandelwe yi-analytical ferrography) | ||||||
| 11 | Izinto zeNkunkuma yokunxiba: Fe, Cu, Cr, Ai, Pb. Ni, Sn | I-ASTM D518S | i-ppm | Umyinge weMbali | Igama + SD | Igama +2 SD |
| Umahluko | Uxinano lweFerrous | Iindlela zoBunini | Iindlela zoBunini | I-avareji yeHirtoric | Igama eliphantsi + S0 | Igama +2 SD |
| Umahluko | Isalathiso sePQ | I-PQ90 | Isalathiso | Umyinge weMbali | Igama + SD | Igama +2 SD |
Umzekelo weeslates zovavanyo lohlalutyo lweoyile kunye nemida ye-alamu kwiicompressor ze-centrifugal.
● Uvavanyo loHlalutyo lweoyile
Uvavanyo oluninzi lunokwenziwa kwisampulu yeoyile, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele xa ukhetha olu vavanyo kunye nezihlandlo zokuthatha iisampulu. Uvavanyo kufuneka lugubungele iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zohlalutyo lweoyile: iimpawu zolwelo lwe-lubricant, ubukho bezinto ezingcolisayo kwinkqubo yokuthambisa kunye nayo nayiphi na inkunkuma egugileyo evela kumatshini.
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwecompressor, kunokubakho utshintsho oluncinci kwislate yovavanyo, kodwa ngokubanzi kuqhelekile ukubona i-viscosity, uhlalutyo lwezinto ezisisiseko, i-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, inombolo ye-asidi, i-varnish potential, uvavanyo lwe-rotation pressure vessel oxidation (RPVOT) kunye novavanyo lwe-demulsibility olucetyiswayo ukuvavanya iimpawu zolwelo lwe-lubricant.
Uvavanyo lokungcola kolwelo kwiicompressor lunokwenzeka ukuba luquka inkangeleko, i-FTIR kunye nohlalutyo lwezinto ezisisiseko, ngelixa uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo oluvela kwimbono yokungcola kokuguguleka luhlalutyo lwezinto ezisisiseko. Umzekelo weeslates zovavanyo lohlalutyo lweoyile kunye nemida ye-alamu kwiicompressor ze-centrifugal uboniswe apha ngasentla.
Ngenxa yokuba iimvavanyo ezithile zinokuvavanya iingxaki ezininzi, ezinye ziya kuvela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, uhlalutyo lwezinto ezisisiseko lunokufumanisa amazinga okuncipha kolwelo ngokwembono yepropathi yolwelo, ngelixa iziqwenga zenxalenye ezivela kuhlalutyo lwenkunkuma egugileyo okanye kwi-FTIR zinokuchonga i-oxidation okanye ukufuma njengento engcolisayo yolwelo.
Imida yesilumkiso idla ngokubekwa njengemida engasetyenziswayo yilebhu, kwaye uninzi lwezityalo aluzange luyithandabuze imfuneko yayo. Kufuneka uhlolisise kwaye uqinisekise ukuba le mida ichazwe ukuze ihambelane neenjongo zakho zokuthembeka. Njengoko uphuhlisa inkqubo yakho, usenokufuna nokuqwalasela ukutshintsha imida. Rhoqo, imida yesilumkiso iqala iphezulu kancinci kwaye itshintshe ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yeenjongo zococeko olunamandla, ukucoca kunye nokulawula ungcoliseko.
● Ukuqonda ukuthambisa ngeCompressor
Ngokuphathelele ukuthambisa kwazo, iicompressor zinokubonakala zintsonkothile. Okukhona wena neqela lakho niwuqonda ngcono umsebenzi wecompressor, imiphumo yenkqubo kwi-lubricant, ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-lubricant ekufuneka lukhethwe kunye novavanyo lohlalutyo lweoyile ekufuneka lwenziwe, kokukhona amathuba akho okugcina nokuphucula impilo yezixhobo zakho ayanda.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-16-2021